DEFINITION
Excessive crying baby form without
known why and lasts at least 3 hours a day, for more than 3 days a week, and
occurred more than 3 weeks is referred to as colic. Colic occurs primarily in
infants aged 6 weeks to 3-4 months.
CAUSE
Although the term colic leads to
abdominal cramps, but there is no evidence to suggest that there is a disorder
of the intestine or stomach infants with colic. Most babies with colic can eat
well and have a normal weight gain.
Colic in infants might be expected
to occur due to an interruption in the stomach, because babies cry often
swallow air when they cry, consequently baby can pass gas and become bloated.
However, this situation appears to result from a baby crying rather than cause
the baby to cry.
There is no one single cause that
generally lead to colic. Colic has many different causes. Several theories
causes of colic:
·
Burning sensation in the chest due to stomach
acid and the milk turned up to the esophagus
·
Discomfort in digestion, probably because of
intolerance to cow's milk protein or lactose
·
Immature digestive system, where the smooth
muscle in the gastrointestinal tract is often experienced spasms
·
The presence of air in the gastrointestinal
tract
·
Increased levels of the hormone, which causes
abdominal pain or child becomes fussy
·
Hypersensitivity to stimulation in the
environment (sound, light, etc.)
·
The existence of strong temperament in infancy
newborn
·
The nervous system is immature
Baby crying associated with colic
usually occurs at night. Colic in babies may arise or be exacerbated if the
baby feels hunger or satiety. Fear, frustration, or even happy can also cause
the symptoms of colic. Babies can also become increasingly cry when people
around him become anxious or sad.
SYMPTOMS
Colic in babies occur if the child
continues to cry with strong and to be cranky, without any apparent reason
(such as hunger, illness, or injury), in other words in a healthy baby. Colic
usually begins to occur in the first month after birth, when the baby was most
severe around 6 weeks, and then disappear by themselves, often suddenly, at the
age of about 3-4 months.
The baby is said to have colic if
he continues to cry and fuss for no apparent reason for more than 3 hours a
day, more than 3 days a week, and lasted for more than 3 weeks.
The crying usually associated with
colic are:
·
cry loud, shrill, and constant
·
unknown cause
·
happened around the same time of the day or
night
·
lasts for hours for no apparent reason
·
There are pauses when the baby was acting normal
again
Usually, babies with colic to be
the most fussy in the evening. Colic symptoms often begins suddenly, often
after the baby is breastfed. Baby crying loud and continuous. Baby face is
often flushed. Baby's hands may be clenched, legs will bend, and can seem a
bulging stomach. This situation can last for several minutes or hours.
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis is based on symptoms exist. Parents should be alert to the presence of disease or pain that caused him to be fussy or continue to cry, that is if the child cries accompanied by:
·
vomiting, especially if vomit is green or
contain blood, or occurs more than 5 times a day
·
changes in the child's stools (constipation or
diarrhea)
·
the child's body temperature is not normal
·
fussy, where the child kept crying all day and
just be quiet for a short time
·
difficult to gain weight
·
out of breath
·
any signs of bruising or other injury
·
child looks weak, drowsy, lack of smile or
interested gaze of children
·
any abnormal movement or jerking on the part of
the child's body
TREATMENT
-In infants with colic, parents
need to be soothed that the baby is healthy, and colic will disappear by itself
without any long-term effects.
-There is no specific treatment to
cope with colic, but measures can be taken to help calm the baby:
-Hold your baby, swinging back and
forth slowly, or patted
-Put the baby in a baby swing
-Listening to the sound of
constant, for example, the sound of rain, the sound of a fan or a hairdryer
-Listening to music
-Giving baby pacifiers
-Patting the baby's back so the
baby burp
-Feed the baby, but should not be
excessive so that the baby does not glut
-Wrap the baby tightly
-Try giving infant massage
-Reduce stimuli are transmitted
from the environment
-Change pemberikan eat the baby,
for example,
·
replace the formula with another formula
·
replace the formula (cow's milk) with soya milk
·
replace the usual formula with hypoallergenic
formula milk
·
avoid certain foods (eg caffeine or dairy) in
nursing mothers
·
If after completion of feeding the baby still
wants to suck, then it can be given pacifiers / dummies baby
It is important to consult on the
possibility of colicky infants pediatrician from the beginning. It is important
to rule out the possibility of the existence of a variety of disorders that can
make children cry unexpectedly long time, such as a hernia, infection, or
blockage of the gastrointestinal tract.
Babies should be immediately taken
to the doctor if the baby continues to cry for hours, can not be appeased, can
not eat with the baby, fever, experiencing diarrhea or vomiting, or less
conscious than usual.
PREVENTION
Most colic can not be prevented.
Avoiding the factors associated with colic may be able to help, for example by
changing the position of the baby while feeding or replace the formula that is
used (if there is a cow's milk allergy). Colic in children is not caused by
parenting or child care was wrong, so as parents, do not feel guilty or blaming
each other.
REFERENCE
- A, Renee A. Could Be Your Baby's
Crying Colic? Web MD. 2012.
- C, Deborah M. Colic. Merck
Manual Home Health Handbook. 2013.
- J, Eleana Pearl B. Your Colicky
Baby. Kids Health. 2011.
- K, Neil K. Colic and Crying.
Medline Plus. 2011.
- P, David. Colic. Medicine Net.
2010.
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