Friday, April 1, 2016

TBC Gland in Children

Posted by Health
One of the preventive measures against tuberculosis in children is to give an injection of BCG vaccine when the child is still small. These injections as part of a series of immunization in children is endorsed by the government. TB disease is has various kinds, including the glandular tuberculosis.
Do you know what is meant by glandular tuberculosis in children?

TB disease not only attacks the lungs only. Can also attack the lymph nodes, whose symptoms can be seen on the neck. Not only adults should be aware of this disease. Children are more susceptible to various diseases and TB disease can arise as a result of the child breathe the air containing TB bacteria. However, TB in children is not contagious.

TB bacteria that infects the child's body was in the gland and not in the open state. In contrast to TB in adults, is in the lungs so it has no way out through the breath. Children are usually infected with TB germs or bacteria from adults who have TB disease coughs or splash then spit in the air the same place where the child resides.

TBC gland in children can be seen if the child has swelling in the neck. The swelling may exceed the people who have mumps. The swelling can also burst and then remove the pus and blood. This condition is called sklofuloderma. To make sure whether it is true swelling symptoms of TB disease, the patient must undergo various checks on the advice of a doctor.

Laboratory tests will be done carefully because the rate of glandular tuberculosis patients in Indonesia is high. Doctors will perform histopathological examination of the lymph nodes to ensure the existence of this disease. The initial symptoms of this disease is not very visible because the symptoms are mediocre as the common flu. Fever will appear, but not too high, usually around 38 degrees Celsius Children with TB gland will feel unwell, night sweats and weight decreased significantly.

But keep in mind, the usual symptoms like this will improve only for a moment and after that the patient will continue to feel tired and unwell sustainable. So do not be too cool for glandular tuberculosis in children had early symptoms are unusual, not unique. Come, guard the health of children.

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Thursday, March 31, 2016

Food have to avoid of Patients with Typhoid

Posted by Health
Handling typhus requires diligence and patience high. This is notably due to the length of this disease to be cured. Not to mention the taboos that must be done so that the disease does not become more severe. Really, all does require extra attention.

Things that concern while typhus was not too much. These things of which alone are the foods to avoid people with typhus, not bolehnya patients to move more, must the patient to bed rest (bedrest), up to perhaps hospitalization (hospitalization) at the hospital. Of all the things that concern, foods to avoid typhoid fever sufferers will be our discussion this time.

Foods to avoid typhoid sufferer easy enough for food for patients with typhoid fever may only rice gruel or porridge sweet fruit very dilute. These foods should be avoided because of its effect on the stomach of patients, especially the part of the intestine that is being 'problematic'. Foods that are forbidden for people with typhoid These include spicy foods, fatty foods, coffee, and soft drinks.
Spicy food in the stomach that normally would make the digestive organs heat. Wounds in the intestines caused by bacteria Salmonella typhi for typhoid if given spicy foods may experience swelling and bleeding. Well, if you have this, cure typhoid suffered will be longer. Even if done, this could bring the death of the patient.

Fatty foods digest the body longer than carbohydrate foods. This is because the chemical bonds of fat is more complex and also because new fat digestion occurs in the intestines. Not in the mouth or in the stomach like carbohydrates. If people with typhoid eat fatty foods, the intestines are actually being 'troubled' forced to 'work'. It's not impossible, it can cause intestinal bleeding. If you have this disease will also be a long recovery and may cause death.

In the bowels of coffee can trigger a rise in the level of acidity of the stomach. If people consume coffee typhoid, can you imagine what would happen? Yes, intestine being injured by acid then it is certain layers of the intestinal mucosa could be eroded and eventually bleeding. Again, this can cause death.

The same thing is true of soft drinks. Carbonation of soda in the stomach can cause gastric acidity levels rise. So like coffee, it can cause death.
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Wednesday, March 30, 2016

Symptoms and Signs of Diabetes Dry

Posted by Health
Everyone would know diabetes. Diseases that occur due to excess blood sugar can happen to anyone. Not only the old people, children, and people in productive age can be affected by diseases caused by the hormone insulin.


Diabetes can be divided into three types, namely diabetes type 1, diabetes type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is diabetes that occurs due to no damage to the hormone insulin or the body. Type 2 diabetes is diabetes that occurs due kebalnya or has not mampunyai hormone insulin in the body cope with the sugar. While gestational diabetes is diabetes that occurs only in pregnant women.
In diabetes there is a term diabetes dry and wet diabetes. In the description of this will be discussed signs and symptoms of dry diabetes. What are the symptoms and signs of diabetes dry it? To recognize further, consider the following description.

Dry diabetes is an early stage of diabetes type 2. Yes, this one diabetics, insulin in her body already immune (resistant) to sugar (glucose) in blood. In other words, the insulin in the body has been damaged. As a result, sugar (glucose) that is entered into his body could no longer be converted into muscle sugar (glycogen). Thus, blood glucose levels will rise dramatically from the normal state. For information, the normal blood glucose level is 150 mg / dL and diabetes that blood glucose levels above that level.

Diabetes Symptoms and Signs Dry
Here are some gelaja and signs need to be aware of diabetes dry:
Increased hunger. This happens due to blood glucose continuously discharged without piped into the cells of the body.
Increased thirst and frequent urination. This happens due to the disposal of glucose into the urine and water continuously without going through the normal screening process (dehydration).
Dry mouth due to dehydration.
Fruit smelling breath. This occurs due to the formation of ketone (a substance that resembles the smell of fruit) as a result of the fat burning process with acetone as an energy source.
Blurred vision. This occurs due to high blood sugar levels that make changes to the eyepiece.
Stiff muscles due to dehydration.
Sensitive. This is due to fluctuations in blood sugar that makes the mood changes.
Headaches due to blood sugar, blurred vision and high blood pressure.
Itching is also due to high blood sugar levels.
Weight dropped dramatically due to dehydration and fat burning continuously.

After knowing the symptoms and signs of diabetes dry, then if feel the symptoms and signs of the onset of diabetes, immediately check blood sugar levels, in order to avoid the risk of more severe.
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Tuesday, March 29, 2016

Dragon Fruit Benefits For Heart Health

Posted by Muji Suwarno
What was unthinkable when I hear the word dragon fruit? Maybe that comes to mind is a dragon that usually appears in the fairy tale, which tells of a brave knight who managed to rescue a princess canti, which is in brackets in a high tower. The tower was manned by a dragon can breathe fire.
Certainly not the dragon like that. But the fruit that grows on a plant. Called dragon fruit because his skin had scales like a dragon. The original name of this fruit was actually a pitaya fruit. Dragon fruit thrives in tropical and subtropical regions, in the region of South America and ASI. Dragon fruit tree itself prickly as cactus. The fruit is red in color with white or flesh colored dark red, and has black seeds.

Dragon fruit itself has a scientific name:
Ceraus, Acanthocereus, Echinocereus, Selenicereus, Stenocereus, Escontria, Myrthillocactus.
Dragon fruit is also known as well as:
Pitaya, Dragon fruit, Red Pitahaya, night blooming Cereus, Strawberry Pear, Belle of the Night, conderella plant.

Other common names:
France: Cierge- lezard, poire de chardon,
German: Echte Distelbirn Stachelbirn, Drachenfrucht.
Hawaii: Pa-nani-o-ka.
Portoguese: Cato-Barse, Cardo-ananaz.
Spain: Pithaya Roja (Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela): flor de caliz, pitajava (Puerto Rico); junco, junco Tapatio, pitahaya orejona, reina de la noche, tasajo (mexico)
Sweden: skogskaktus, pitahaya rod.

The nutritional value of 100 grams of dragon fruit is:
Air 80-90 grams
ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 4-25 mg
Ash 0.4-0.7 grams
6-10 mg calcium
calories: 35-50
9-14 grams carbohydrate
Carotene (vitamin A) traces
0.1 to 0.6 grams of fat
0.3 to 0.9 g fiber
Iron 0.3-0.7 mg Niacin (Vitamin B3) from 0.2 to 0.45 mg
Phosphorus 16-36 mg
Protein from 0.15 to 0.5 g
Thiamine (vitamin B1) traces
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) traces

Dragon fruit for health benefits:
Boost the immune system. Dragon fruit is rich in vitamin C and fiber is beneficial for the body
Helps digestion, because the dragon fruit is rich in fiber.
Lowering blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Prevent the formation of cancer cells caused by free radicals. Minerals and fiber contained in helping dragon fruit membersikan toxins in the colon. And prevents the occurrence of colon cancer.
As an antioxidant, as contained vitamin C, minerals, and pytoalbumin high, then the dragon fruit could prevent free radical and anti-oxidant properties of air.
Helps regulate cholesterol levels.
In addition, dragon fruit useful to accelerate wound healing, improve appetite, improve their eyesight, lose weight, improve memory.

The greatest benefits of dragon fruit is that it can help improve heart health. because it can reduce the level of bad cholesterol, and the possibility of plaque buildup in the arteries and veins are very low or even not possible. The content of the dragon fruit is positive can enable HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol) nyang koresterol can lower LDL (bad) cholesterol by reducing the receptors in the walls of arteries. According to a study published in the journal Farmakognisi in 2010, the researchers Menemuan that eating dragon sump can help lower the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. because the dragon fruit membunyai kandugan monosaturade fat that helps keep our hearts in good keaadan. Besides, dragon fruit can lower the oxidative stress levels are high, which is one of the main factors for heart disease.

To enjoy the dragon fruit, in addition to the consumption directly, dragon fruit juice also can be made, and can be in the mix with other fruits to add flavor, as the following example.
dragon fruit smoothie.
1 dragon fruit flesh take part only
1 banana
1 cup of coconut water
1 cup ginger juice.
Mix all ingredients and ready to enjoy.

Behind the appearance that a bit extreme, dragon fruit has a flavor that is a little tasteless. Much like a melon, but not too sweet. After know of the benefits of dragon fruit, do not forget to always keep a dragon fruit at home, other than beautiful to decorate the house. The benefit was no less important to the body.
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Sunday, December 13, 2015

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN)

Posted by Health

DEFINITION

Transient tachypnea of ​​the Newborn (TTN) is a condition where there is difficulty in breathing in infants, with low levels of oxygen in the blood, which is temporary.

CAUSE

Transient tachypnea occur due to excess fluid in the lungs after the baby is born. This disorder usually occurs in newborns who were born a few weeks ahead of time should or could be in infants who had quite the month. However, transient tachypnea is more common in babies born via cesarean section, especially if the mother has not been entered in the stage of labor (for example on a scheduled Caesarean section).
Before birth, the lungs fill with fluid. Soon after birth, the fluid to be lost from the lungs so it can be filled with air and the baby can breathe normally. Most of fluid in the lungs can be issued when babies are born via vaginal delivery, where the baby's chest will be under pressure as it passes through the birth canal. Too much liquid is absorbed quickly by the cells in the lungs. Absorption is triggered by the release of hormones at birth. However, if the fluid absorption does not take place quickly, then the lungs are still partially filled with liquid and newborn into difficulty in breathing.
Transient tachypnea is more likely to occur in infants:
·         born by Caesarean section
·         born before 38 weeks gestation
·         having a mother with diabetes
·         had mothers with asthma

SYMPTOMS

Newborns with transient tachypnea have difficulty breathing immediately after birth, usually within 1-2 hours. The symptoms can be found in the form:
·         rapid breathing
·         the retraction of the chest wall when breathing
·         flared nostrils while breathing
·         the snoring sound like a baby when exhaling
·         bluish skin color, especially around the mouth and nose, if the oxygen levels in the blood is low

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis is based on symptoms exist, and is supported by the results of the examination. Chest x-rays showed an increase of fluid in the lungs. Additionally, blood tests can be done to get rid of the infection.

TREATMENT

Most newborns with transient tachypnea can perfectly recover within 2-3 days, ie after fluid in the lungs has been absorbed completely. The only treatment that is usually required is oxygen. Oxygen is needed to maintain oxygen levels in the blood remains stable.
In rare cases, some newborns may require aids to breathe, such as CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure), which makes the newborn to breathe by itself to provide air or oxygen low pressure to the baby's nose, or with the aid of a ventilator.
Rapid respiratory rate can make it difficult to get a baby's food intake. Therefore, fluids and nutrients may be given intravenously to infants has improved.

REFERENCE
- K, Arthur E. Transient tachypnea. Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. 2009.
- L, Kimberly G. Transient tachypnea - Newborn. Medline Plus. 2011.

- T, Jennifer A. Transient tachypnea of ​​the Newborn. Kids Health. 2012.
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Small for Gestational Age (SGA)

Posted by Health

DEFINITION

If a newborn is smaller than the age of the pregnancy, then the baby is said to Small for gestational age (SGA).

CAUSE

There are several conditions that can cause babies born small for gestational age, namely:
-Heredity or genetics, for example, parents are small or there is a hereditary disease that is associated with a small body stature
-The function of the placenta (cord) are interrupted, for example in:
·         women with high blood pressure (hypertension)
·         women who experience preeclampsia
·         women with kidney disease
·         mothers with chronic diabetes
-Viral infections, such as cytomegalovirus, German measles, or Toxoplasma, which is obtained before the baby is born
-Impaired fetal growth due to mothers who smoke or use alcohol / drugs while pregnant

SYMPTOMS

In contrast to premature infants, SGA infants who are old enough to have had a perfect organ. Most of SGA infants have no symptoms, unless they were infected with the virus or have certain genetic syndromes. In addition to his size, infants were small for gestational age have physical and behavioral characteristics (eg spontaneous activity and appetite) similar to babies who are born with normal size appropriate gestational age.
If prior to delivery in placental function has been impaired, the reduced blood flow during childbirth can jeopardize the delivery of oxygen and causing injury to the fetus.

Babies who are small for gestational age at risk for experiencing:
·         Meconium aspiration. Babies during labor deprived of oxygen will issue its first stool (meconium) into the amniotic fluid. If the baby inhale amniotic fluid containing meconium, the meconium can clog the airway and hampering breathing. The inhaled meconium can also cause inflammation of the lungs.
·         The number of red blood cells were excessive, it could happen if the SGA infants experiencing mild chronic oxygen deficiency due to inadequate supply of the placenta.
·         Low blood sugar levels, often occurs in a few hours and the first few days due to a lack of glycogen reserves in the baby's body.
·         Difficulty to regulate body temperature
·         Disorders of the immune system
During the womb, infants stunted growth due to poor nutritional intake, but soon after birth, if the baby is getting adequate nutrients, then the growth will be rapid. However, some babies are small for gestational age (SGA) will remain small when childhood and adulthood, depending on the cause and severity of growth retardation occurring.

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis is based on symptoms exist and physical examination, in which the baby's weight is less than the average weight loss of 90% of babies born with the same gestational age.

TREATMENT

There is no specific treatment for infants small for gestational age, treatment is done to address the underlying conditions and complications exist.

PREVENTION

It is important to perform regular checks during pregnancy. In addition, pregnant women should avoid the use of alcohol or drugs, and cigarettes.

REFERENCE
- K, Arthur E. Small for Gestational Age. Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. 2009.
- K, James W. Small for Gestational Age. The Merck Manual. 2012.

- V, Linda J. Small for Gestational Age. Medline Plus. 2011.
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Seizures Fever ( Febrile Convulsion )

Posted by Health

DEFINITION

Seizures Fever (Febrile convulsion) is a seizure that occurs in infants or children due to fever, the absence of infection in the central nervous system as well as other neurological disorders.
A child who has a febrile seizure does not mean he suffers from epilepsy, because seizures in epilepsy is characterized by recurrent seizures that are not triggered by the presence of fever.
Febrile seizures occur in about 2-5% of children aged less than 6 years old, but most often occurs in children aged 6 months - 3 years. Febrile seizures tend to be passed down in families.
Febrile seizures can make a family anxious, but in fact harmless. However, during a seizure takes place, there is the possibility that the child will suffer injury due to falling or choking on food or saliva alone. Has not been proven that febrile seizures can cause brain damage. Research shows that children who have experienced febrile seizures have normal intelligence and achievement in school.
95-98% of children who have experienced febrile seizures do not progress to epilepsy. But some children have a high risk of suffering from epilepsy, if:
- Prolonged febrile seizures
- Seizure only on certain body parts
- Recurrent febrile seizures within 24 hours
- Children suffering from cerebral palsy, growth disorder or other neurological disorders.

CAUSE

Most febrile seizures occur because of the drastic changes in body temperature suddenly, and most often occurs on the first day of fever.
Viral or Bacterial Infection
Usually, fever triggering febrile seizures are caused by a viral or bacterial infection in children, such as respiratory tract infections or ear infections. On a mild infection, infection and febrile seizure itself is not dangerous. However, it can sometimes life-threatening infections, such as infections of the brain (encephalitis) or the lining of the brain (meningitis) can cause convulsions and fever in children. This disease can also cause seizures without fever in children.
Seizures Post-Immunization
May increase the risk of febrile seizures after children receive certain immunizations, such as DPT or MMR immunization. Not too high fever can sometimes occur after a child gets immunized. In the event of a febrile seizure, then this is caused by a fever that arise after immunization, not as a result of immunization itself.
Febrile seizures tend to be found in one family, so it is thought to involve heredity (genetics).

SYMPTOMS

The symptoms in children who experience febrile seizures among others:
·         there is a fever, the body temperature of more than 38oC
·         loss of awareness, the child does not respond to the call of his parents
·         eyes glared up
·         seizures arise, the child's body shaking, hands and feet jerky
·         Sometimes children do not breathe, and can be blue
·         child may vomit or bite his tongue
·         the child may cry or moan
·         incontinence. Children can bedwetting or defecate outside consciousness.

Febrile seizures can be divided into:
·         Simple febrile seizures, febrile seizures are the type most often occur. Seizures lasting for a few seconds to 15 minutes. Febrile seizures are not recurring within 24 hours thereafter. Seizures that occur are comprehensive and not only about the one particular body part.
·         Complex febrile seizures. Febrile seizures lasting more than 15 minutes, occur more than once in 24 hours, or the seizure is limited to one side of the child's body.
After the seizure is usually a child will come back unconscious. But the child does not remember what happened. Some children may feel sleepy and there is also a dazed (temporary and mild in nature).

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis is based on the existence of a seizure in a child who has a fever and no prior history of epilepsy. The body temperature is measured to ensure presence of fever. Then examined to find the cause (physical examination, blood, and urine).

Febrile seizures usually do not require further examination to seizures, such as EEG, CT scan of the head, and lumbar puncture. Inspection can be done if:
·         seizures in children aged less than 9 months and over 5 years
·         the child has a disorder of the brain, nerves, or in development '
·         seizure is limited to one part of the body
·         seizure lasts more than 15 minutes
·         the child has more than one febrile seizure in 24 hours
·         children have abnormal findings when examined, for example, the possibility of infection in the central nervous system

TREATMENT

Things that need to be done during a seizure:
·         Place the child in a safe place. Children can be placed on the floor covered by a thick blanket.
·         Remove objects that can make a child injury
·         Loosen tight clothing, especially around the neck. If possible, open or remove clothes from the waist up
·         If the child vomits, or a lot of saliva or mucus in the mouth, put the child tilted to the side, so that the liquid can flow out and the child does not choke. In addition, this position also prevents the tongue blocking the airway.
·         Do not attempt to insert anything into the child's mouth to prevent children from biting his tongue, as this increases the risk of injury and airway obstruction.
·         Do not attempt to restrain or stop the seizure movements by holding child
·         Do not try to give fever-reducing medicines when children seizures, because the risk for choking.
·         Most febrile seizures stop on their own within a few minutes (less than 15 minutes).
·         The child should be immediately taken to the nearest hospital if seizures still lasts more than 10 minutes, recurrent seizures, the child has difficulty breathing or body blue, and the child looks letargis.
After that, the cause of the fever also needs to be known and addressed by bringing the child to the doctor.

Fever in children can be overcome by:
·         Give febrifuge, such as Ibuprofen. Aspirin should not be used to treat fever in children because of the risk for the occurrence of Reye syndrome.
·         Compressing the child. Do not compress the child with cold water or alcohol as it may make the fever worse.

PREVENTION

In most cases, febrile seizures occur in the first few hours when the child has a fever, where an increase in body temperature. Seizures can occur when the body temperature rises or falls rapidly. In most cases, seizures can occur unexpectedly or can not be prevented.
Ways to help reduce the risk of febrile seizures in children:
·         Give febrifuge when the child has a fever Image of giving medicine
·         Make sure children drink enough fluids
·         Make sure the child is not dressed too thick, to help control fever
·         The use of drugs as an anti-seizure prevention is not recommended in general, because there is a risk of side effects from the use of these drugs, such as difficulties in learning, sleep disturbances, irritability, hyperactivity and impaired breath.

REFERENCE
- D, David C. Febrile Seizures. Medline Plus. 2010.
- D, Yamini. Febrile Seizures. Kids Health. 2012.
- M, Margaret C. Seizures in Children. Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. 2009.

- Mayo Clinic. Febrile Seizures. 2012.
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